Sarcopenia & MHT

Menopause Hormone Therapy (MHT)

Systemic menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is an effective treatment for alleviating symptoms caused by low estrogen and hormonal fluctuations. For women with a uterus, cycling or continuously using progesterone is essential to reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and uterine cancer. There is evidence that MHT can prevent osteoporosis in at-risk women and help maintain or even increase bone mineral density after menopause. Additionally, MHT, especially when combined with strength training, can help preserve and improve muscle mass, strength, and insulin sensitivity. Explore our 'How Can I Protect My Bones' section.

A meta-analysis of RCTs examined the effects of HT on muscle mass in postmenopausal women. 

While HT appears to positively influence muscle mass, its effect on muscle strength is less clear. Some studies have reported improvements in muscle strength with HT, while others have not observed significant changes. This inconsistency indicates that more research is needed to determine the extent to which HT affects muscle strength in postmenopausal women. jamanetwork.com

Current clinical trials continue to explore the relationship between HT and sarcopenia. One such study is evaluating sarcopenia in women at different stages of menopause, comparing those on hormone replacement therapy to those who are not, as well as to premenopausal women. This research aims to provide deeper insights into how HT may influence muscle health during menopause. clinconnect.io

In terms of osteoarthritis, there is a positive link between estrogen deprivation and the frequency and severity of osteoarthritis, particularly in the knee, hip, and fingers. Although the use of MHT for preventing and treating osteoarthritis remains a topic of debate, emerging research suggests it may have a protective effect. Further studies will help clarify MHT's role in managing osteoarthritis.

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Resources
 

Frontiers | Tissue-Specific Effects of Loss of Estrogen during Menopause and Aging

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• PMID: 39077777

•  PMID: 24463691

•  PMID:35797481

• PMID:26444994

• doi: Management of perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms 

Frontiers | Effect of Estrogen on Musculoskeletal Performance and Injury Risk